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Heritage  ·  Patents

Ten patents that built
the modern dive watch.

Between 1959 and 1977, Aquastar S.A., registered at the Swiss federal patent office as ci-devant JeanRichard S.A., Genève and directed by Frédéric Robert, filed ten core inventions. A combined wrist dive instrument. The inside-case rotating bezel. The dial bathymeter (twice). The no-decompression bezel. The dual-gasket waterproof crown. The yacht-race timer. A diver’s slide rule. An early electronic depth gauge.

Robert is the inventor of record on four of them. The other six were filed by the watchmakers, engineers and divers he assembled at the Geneva workshop. One brand. One director. The architecture of the dive watch as we know it.

1959
CH 351 225

Measurement instrument for underwater diving

Instrument de mesures pour plongées sous-marines

Inventor: Frédéric Robert, Geneva · Filed: 30 December 1959 ·Granted: 31 December 1960 ·Published: 15 February 1961

Filed three years before Aquastar S.A. was formally registered, under the predecessor name JeanRichard S.A., Genève. A wrist-mounted instrument carrying a watch, a bathymeter, a compass and a thermometer on a single rectangular plate fixed between two bracelets, the conceptual ancestor of every wrist-worn dive computer.

The earliest known dive-instrument patent in the Aquastar archive. Predates the 1962 bezel filings.

View original filing (PDF) →
1962
CH 1713/62

Watch with winding-and-setting mechanism and an internal rotating bezel

Pièce d’horlogerie comprenant un organe de remontage et de mise à l’heure et une lunette rotative par rapport au cadran, montée à l’intérieur de la boîte

Inventors: Jaques Ochsenbein, Geneva · Raoul-H. Erard, La Chaux-de-Fonds · Filed: 13 February 1962 ·Published: 14 February 1964

The first patent filed under the Aquastar name (still listed at the federal office as “Aquastar S.A., ci-devant JeanRichard S.A.”). Establishes the architecture of the inside-the-case rotating bezel, the technical foundation everything that came after was built on.

View original filing (PDF) →
1963
CH 394 658

Dial-mounted bathymeter (depth-meter wristwatch)

Bathymètre à cadran

Inventor: Frédéric Robert, Geneva · Filed: 24 May 1963 ·Granted: 30 June 1965

Frédéric Robert’s personal first filing. A wristwatch that displays diving depth on a dial driven by ambient pressure, a precursor to every wrist-worn dive computer that followed. Robert files it as a private inventor, then assigns the patent to Aquastar S.A.

View original filing (PDF) →
1964
CH 436 140

Underwater diving watch

Montre de plongée sous-marine

Inventor: Marc Jasinski, Brussels · Filed: 15 May 1964 ·Granted: 15 May 1967

The famous one. A dive watch with a rotating bezel marked with a logarithmic scale calibrated to the nitrogen-saturation tables of the day, letting a diver read no-decompression limits and surface intervals for repeated dives directly off the bezel. The single invention that defined the Aquastar dive watch and entered, in some form, every other Swiss dive watch built since.

The inventor of record is Marc Jasinski, a Belgian engineer-diver, not Aquastar staff. Aquastar S.A. is the assignee and manufacturer.

View original filing (PDF) →
1965
CH 15 601/65

Waterproof winding crown

Remontoir étanche pour pièce d’horlogerie

Inventor: Frédéric Robert, Geneva · Filed: 12 November 1965 ·Published: 30 November 1967

Robert’s third filing. A dual-gasket (twin O-ring) winding crown that holds water-resistance through repeated winding cycles at depth. The technical breakthrough that made the 500-meter-rated Benthos 500 possible in 1970, without it, screw-down crowns of the era leaked under repeated pressure cycling.

View original filing (PDF) →
1966
CH 436 746

Improved dial bathymeter

Bathymètre à cadran

Inventor: Frédéric Robert, Geneva · Filed: 20 May 1966 ·Granted: 31 May 1967 ·Published: 15 November 1967

The professional version of Robert’s 1963 dial bathymeter. A Bourdon-tube depth gauge with a screw-on protective bell that can be reset against ambient at depth, enabling accurate relative-depth readings during repeated and saturation dives. The filing references the Cousteau 194m and 195m dive experiments. The Comex / Cousteau-era depth gauge.

View original filing (PDF) →
1968
CH 18 638/69

Watch with internal rotating bezel (improved)

Pièce d’horlogerie à lunette tournante intérieure

Inventor: Robert Borne, Ambilly (Haute-Savoie), France · Filed: 15 December 1969 ·Priority: 31 December 1968 (France) ·Published: 15 December 1972

A mechanical refinement of the 1962 inside-the-case rotating bezel architecture. The pinion-controlled inner bezel is held precisely against the dial by a return-spring assembly, so the index reading does not drift when the crown is pulled out for time-setting. Filed in France in 1968, then registered in Switzerland.

View original filing (PDF) →
1973
CH 565 072

Slide-rule calculator for underwater divers

Règle à calcul pour plongeur sous-marin

Inventor: Hannes Keller, Aadorf · Filed: 1 April 1973 ·Granted: 30 June 1975

Hannes Keller, the Swiss diver who in 1962 became the first human to reach 1,000 feet (305 m) on open-circuit equipment, files a wrist-worn slide rule for calculating decompression times during a dive. Aquastar manufactures and assigns the patent. One of the more unusual inventor credentials on any Swiss watch patent.

View original filing (PDF) →
1974
US 3,910,362

Yacht-race timer

(US filing)

Inventor: Albert Piguet, Le Solliat, Switzerland · Filed: 3 January 1974 ·Granted: 7 October 1975

The Aquastar Regate. A timer with five dial apertures, a moving indicator and two coloured zones, designed to display the countdown to a yacht-race start. The patent that grounded the brand’s 36-year specialisation in regatta timing, the discipline Aquastar pivoted into during the quartz crisis.

View original filing (PDF) →
1974
CH 585 397

Depth-measuring apparatus for underwater diving

Appareil de mesure de profondeur utilisable en plongée sous-marine

Inventor: Ulf Tamm, Chêne-Bougeries · Filed: 16 September 1974 ·Granted: 15 January 1977

The electronic successor to Robert’s 1963 dial bathymeter, a wrist-mounted depth gauge using transducer-based pressure measurement instead of mechanical aneroid mechanics. The bridge between the mechanical dive instruments of the 1960s and the electronic dive computers that became standard in the 1980s.

View original filing (PDF) →

In one sentence

The no-decompression bezel. The dial bathymeter. The dual-gasket crown. The yacht-race timer. The electronic depth gauge. Aquastar didn’t just make dive watches, Aquastar invented the dive watch.

Most of these patents have lapsed into the public domain. The geometry, the gasket pattern, the bezel scale, all freely buildable today. We still build them in Bienne because that’s how the original drawings specified them.

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